fstream read behavior upon hitting eof

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From the documentation:

If the input sequence runs out of characters to extract (i.e., the end-of-file is reached) before n characters have been successfully read, the array pointed to by s contains all the characters read until that point, and both the eofbit and failbit flags are set for the stream.
…
The number of characters successfully read and stored by this function can be accessed by calling member gcount.

So you can do:

while(in_file.read(buffer, buffer_length)){
    temp = sendto(sender_socket, buffer, sizeof(buffer), 0, NULL, 0); 
    byte_count += temp;
    msg_count ++;
}
streamcount n = in_file.gcount();
if (n > 0) { // read a partial buffer
    temp = sendto(sender_socket, buffer, n, 0, NULL, 0);
    byte_count += temp;
    msg_count++;
}

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