how to generate integer random number in fortran 90 in the range [0,5]?

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To support the answer by Alexander Vogt, I’ll generalize.

The intrinsic random_number(u) returns a real number u (or an array of such) from the uniform distribution over the interval [0,1). [That is, it includes 0 but not 1.]

To have a discrete uniform distribution on the integers {n, n+1, …, m-1, m} carve the continuous distribution up into m+1-n equal sized chunks, mapping each chunk to an integer. One way could be:

call random_number(u)
j = n + FLOOR((m+1-n)*u)  ! We want to choose one from m-n+1 integers

As you can see, for the initial question for {0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5} this reduces to

call random_number(u)
j = FLOOR(6*u)            ! n=0 and m=5

and for the other case in your comment {-1, 0, 1}

call random_number(u)
j = -1 + FLOOR(3*u)       ! n=-1 and m=1

Of course, other transformations will be required for sets of non-contiguous integers, and one should pay attention to numerical issues.

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