What is the use extra curly brackets in the code? What does it do?

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There are no “unwanted braces” in this code. There is an anonymous block, which is not an error. In fact, it is allowed by the spec.

Your variable k is defined in the main scope, but then shadowed in the anonymous block.

int main() {
  int k = 0;
    {
    int k = 1;
    // do more stuff with k
    }
  // k is still 0 here.
}

When I was programming C, something like 1000 years ago, I would have had stern words for a dev on my team who tried using this trick.

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