To get the best possible answer to this question I combine all given answers.
Alternatives to google maps api:
-
MapTiler Cloud:
https://cloud.maptiler.com/ -
Microsoft Maps API:
http://www.microsoft.com/maps/developers/web.aspx -
Yahoo Maps API (discontinued as of Sept 13,2011 in favor of Nokia Maps):
http://developer.yahoo.com/maps/(provided by Vic)
-
TomTom Map Toolkit API which includes SDKs for Android, iOS and JavaScript http://developer.tomtom.com/
(provided by SoWeLie)
-
CloudMade:
http://developers.cloudmade.com/projects(provided by Adolfo)
-
MapQuest:
http://developer.mapquest.com/(provided by TuxGeek)
-
OpenStreetMap API:
http://wiki.openstreetmap.org/wiki/API_v0.6 -
Here.com Maps (Formerly Nokia Maps / Ovi Maps):
http://developer.here.com/ -
OpenStreetMap Android
http://wiki.openstreetmap.org/wiki/Android(provided by AGrunewald)
-
Route-Me:
https://github.com/route-me/route-me(provided by kiteloop)
-
OpenLayers:
http://openlayers.org/(provided by Arman)
-
Trimaps:
http://trimaps.com/en/ -
MapBox http://mapbox.com/
(provided by Stot)
-
Nutiteq http://www.nutiteq.com/
(provided by Martijn M)
-
GraphHopper Directions and Matrix API https://graphhopper.com/#directions-api
(provided by karussell)