This is a known bug in Apache. See Apache bug #45023, and summary of Apache 304 etags and mod_deflate.
Rebuilding from svn will fix the issue. The resolution was to revert the change that appended “-gzip” to the etag. However, there are associated HTTP compliance problems.
If you can’t rebuild Apache, there is a suggested runtime configuration workaround in the bug report:
RequestHeader edit "If-None-Match" "^\"(.*)-gzip\"$" "\"$1\""
Header edit "ETag" "^\"(.*[^g][^z][^i][^p])\"$" "\"$1-gzip\""