You want to set up an Answer
object that does that. Have a look at the Mockito documentation, at
https://static.javadoc.io/org.mockito/mockito-core/2.8.47/org/mockito/Mockito.html#answer_stubs
You might write something like
when(mockService.doAction(any(Request.class), any(Callback.class))).thenAnswer(
new Answer<Object>() {
Object answer(InvocationOnMock invocation) {
((Callback<Response>) invocation.getArguments()[1]).reply(x);
return null;
}
});
(replacing x
with whatever it ought to be, of course)