Can I alias a subcommand? (shortening the output of `docker ps`)

by

You can wrap docker in a function that checks for the specific subcommand and passes everything else through. (The below will actually work with not just zsh, but any POSIX-compliant shell — a category to which zsh doesn’t quite belong).

docker() {
  case $1 in
    ps)
      shift
      command docker ps --format 'table {{.Image}}\t{{.Names}}\t{{.Ports}}\t{{.Status}}' "$@"
      ;;
    *)
      command docker "$@";;
  esac
}

If you wanted a more generic wrapper function (that doesn’t need to know about your specific desired ps logic), that could be done as follows (note that this version is not compatible with baseline POSIX sh due to its use of local; however, this is an extension implemented even by ash and its derivatives):

docker() {
  local cmd=$1; shift
  if command -v "docker_$cmd" >/dev/null 2>/dev/null; then
    "docker_$cmd" "$@"
  else
    command docker "$cmd" "$@"
  fi
}

…after which any subcommand can have its own functions defined, without the wrapper needing to be modified to know about them (you could also create a script in the PATH named docker_ps, or provide the command in any other manner you choose):

docker_ps() {
  command docker ps --format 'table {{.Image}}\t{{.Names}}\t{{.Ports}}\t{{.Status}}' "$@"
}

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