Can I use a file based database on Heroku?

File-based databases aren’t a good fit for Heroku due to its ephemeral filesystem (bold added):

Each dyno gets its own ephemeral filesystem, with a fresh copy of the most recently deployed code. During the dyno’s lifetime its running processes can use the filesystem as a temporary scratchpad, but no files that are written are visible to processes in any other dyno and any files written will be discarded the moment the dyno is stopped or restarted. For example, this occurs any time a dyno is replaced due to application deployment and approximately once a day as part of normal dyno management.

Depending on your use case I recommend using a client-server database (this looks like a good fit here) or something like Amazon S3 for file storage.

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