Checking for a null int value from a Java ResultSet

The default for ResultSet.getInt when the field value is NULL is to return 0, which is also the default value for your iVal declaration. In which case your test is completely redundant.

If you actually want to do something different if the field value is NULL, I suggest:

int iVal = 0;
ResultSet rs = magicallyAppearingStmt.executeQuery(query);
if (rs.next()) {
    iVal = rs.getInt("ID_PARENT");
    if (rs.wasNull()) {
        // handle NULL field value
    }
}

(Edited as @martin comments below; the OP code as written would not compile because iVal is not initialised)

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