You first create an image object out of your file with imagecreatefromjpeg(). You then dump that object into different formats (using imagegif() for example):
$imageObject = imagecreatefromjpeg($imageFile);
imagegif($imageObject, $imageFile . '.gif');
imagepng($imageObject, $imageFile . '.png');
imagewbmp($imageObject, $imageFile . '.bmp');