Deploying Spring 5.x on Tomcat 10.x

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TL;DR: Spring MVC 5 does not run on Tomcat 10 because of the package renaming from javax.* to jakarta.*.

After further research, I was able to find the answer to my question. Spring MVC 5 does not work on Tomcat 10. This is because Tomcat 10 is based on Jakarta EE 9 where package names for APIs have changed from javax.* to jakarta.*.

Tomcat 10 mentioned this on the download webpage:

Users of Tomcat 10 onwards should be aware that, as a result of the
move from Java EE to Jakarta EE as part of the transfer of Java EE to
the Eclipse Foundation, the primary package for all implemented APIs
has changed from javax.* to jakarta.*. This will almost certainly
require code changes to enable applications to migrate from Tomcat 9
and earlier to Tomcat 10 and later.

For Spring MVC 5, the Spring MVC DispatcherServlet has a dependency on the javax.servlet.* package namespace. This is using the Java EE 8 javax package naming. Since Tomcat 10 is based on Jakarta EE 9, the packages for javax naming are not supported. This explains why Spring MVC 5 does not work on Tomcat 10.

There are GitHub issues filed against the Spring Framework regarding this:

Spring core 5 is not starting on Tomcat 10

Support for Jakarta EE 9 (annotations and interfaces in jakarta.* namespace)

In my case, instead of migrating to Tomcat 10, I will stay on Tomcat 9 until the Spring framework is upgraded to Jakarta EE 9.

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