Does SVG support embedding of bitmap images?

Yes, you can reference any image from the image element. And you can use data URIs to make the SVG self-contained. An example:

<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"
     xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">

    ...
    <image
        width="100" height="100"
        xlink:href="data:image/png;base64,IMAGE_DATA"
        />
    ...
</svg>

The svg element attribute xmlns:xlink declares xlink as a namespace prefix and says where the definition is. That then allows the SVG reader to know what xlink:href means.

The IMAGE_DATA is where you’d add the image data as base64-encoded text. Vector graphics editors that support SVG usually have an option for saving with images embedded. Otherwise there are plenty of tools around for encoding a byte stream to and from base64.

Here’s a full example from the SVG testsuite.

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