Estimating beacon proximity/distance based on RSSI – Bluetooth LE

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The txPower mentioned by @davidgyoung is given by the formula:

RSSI = -10 n log d + A

where

  • d = distance
  • A = txPower
  • n = signal propagation constant
  • RSSI = dBm

In free space n = 2, but it will vary based on local geometry – for example, a wall will reduce RSSI by ~3dBm and will affect n accordingly.

If you want the highest possible accuracy, it may be worthwhile to experimentally determine these values for your particular system.

Reference: see the paper Evaluation of the Reliability of RSSI for Indoor Localization by Qian Dong and Waltenegus Dargie for a more detailed explanation of the derivation and calibration.

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