Is this what you are looking for:
Using OBJECT CATALOG VIEWS
SELECT T.name AS Table_Name ,
C.name AS Column_Name ,
P.name AS Data_Type ,
P.max_length AS Size ,
CAST(P.precision AS VARCHAR) + "https://stackoverflow.com/" + CAST(P.scale AS VARCHAR) AS Precision_Scale
FROM sys.objects AS T
JOIN sys.columns AS C ON T.object_id = C.object_id
JOIN sys.types AS P ON C.system_type_id = P.system_type_id
WHERE T.type_desc="USER_TABLE";
Using INFORMATION SCHEMA VIEWS
SELECT TABLE_SCHEMA ,
TABLE_NAME ,
COLUMN_NAME ,
ORDINAL_POSITION ,
COLUMN_DEFAULT ,
DATA_TYPE ,
CHARACTER_MAXIMUM_LENGTH ,
NUMERIC_PRECISION ,
NUMERIC_PRECISION_RADIX ,
NUMERIC_SCALE ,
DATETIME_PRECISION
FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.COLUMNS;
Reference : My Blog – http://dbalink.wordpress.com/2008/10/24/querying-the-object-catalog-and-information-schema-views/