How can I get the Unix permission mask from a file? [duplicate]

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os.stat is a wrapper around the stat(2) system call interface.

>>> import os
>>> from stat import *
>>> os.stat("test.txt") # returns 10-tupel, you really want the 0th element ...
posix.stat_result(st_mode=33188, st_ino=57197013, \
    st_dev=234881026L, st_nlink=1, st_uid=501, st_gid=20, st_size=0, \
    st_atime=1300354697, st_mtime=1300354697, st_ctime=1300354697)

>>> os.stat("test.txt")[ST_MODE] # this is an int, but we like octal ...
33188

>>> oct(os.stat("test.txt")[ST_MODE])
'0100644'

From here you’ll recognize the typical octal permissions.

S_IRWXU 00700   mask for file owner permissions
S_IRUSR 00400   owner has read permission
S_IWUSR 00200   owner has write permission
S_IXUSR 00100   owner has execute permission
S_IRWXG 00070   mask for group permissions
S_IRGRP 00040   group has read permission
S_IWGRP 00020   group has write permission
S_IXGRP 00010   group has execute permission
S_IRWXO 00007   mask for permissions for others (not in group)
S_IROTH 00004   others have read permission
S_IWOTH 00002   others have write permission
S_IXOTH 00001   others have execute permission

You are really only interested in the lower bits, so you could chop off the rest:

>>> oct(os.stat("test.txt")[ST_MODE])[-3:]
'644'
>>> # or better
>>> oct(os.stat("test.txt").st_mode & 0o777)

Sidenote: the upper parts determine the filetype, e.g.:

S_IFMT      0170000 bitmask for the file type bitfields
S_IFSOCK    0140000 socket
S_IFLNK     0120000 symbolic link
S_IFREG     0100000 regular file
S_IFBLK     0060000 block device
S_IFDIR     0040000 directory
S_IFCHR     0020000 character device
S_IFIFO     0010000 FIFO
S_ISUID     0004000 set UID bit
S_ISGID     0002000 set-group-ID bit (see below)
S_ISVTX     0001000 sticky bit (see below)

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