How do you set only certain bits of a byte in C without affecting the rest?

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In general:

value = (value & ~mask) | (newvalue & mask);

mask is a value with all bits to be changed (and only them) set to 1 – it would be 0xf in your case. newvalue is a value that contains the new state of those bits – all other bits are essentially ignored.

This will work for all types for which bitwise operators are supported.

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