How does url rewrite works?

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There are two types of behaviour.

One is rewrite, the other is redirect.

Rewrite

The server performs the substitution for itself, making a URL like http://example.org/my/beatuful/page be understood as http://example.org/index.php?page=my-beautiful-page

With rewrite, the client does not see anything and redirection is internal only. No URL changes in the browser, just the server understands it differently.

Redirect

The server detects that the address is not wanted by the server. http://example.org/page1 has moved to http://example.org/page2, so it tells the browser with an HTTP 3xx code what the new page is. The client then asks for this page instead. Therefore the address in the browser changes!

Process

The process remains the same and is well described by this diagram:

enter image description here

Remark Every rewrite/redirect triggers a new call to the rewrite rules (with exceptions IIRC)

RewriteCond %{REDIRECT_URL} !^$
RewriteRule .* - [L]

can become useful to stop loops. (Since it makes no rewrite when it has happened once already).

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