How to calculate CPU utilization of a process & all its child processes in Linux?

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You can find this information in /proc/PID/stat where PID is your parent process’s process ID. Assuming that the parent process waits for its children then the total CPU usage can be calculated from utime, stime, cutime and cstime:

utime %lu

Amount of time that this process has been scheduled in user mode,
measured in clock ticks (divide by sysconf(_SC_CLK_TCK). This includes
guest time, guest_time (time spent running a virtual CPU, see below),
so that applications that are not aware of the guest time field do not
lose that time from their calculations.

stime %lu

Amount of time that this process has been scheduled in kernel mode,
measured in clock ticks (divide by sysconf(_SC_CLK_TCK).

cutime %ld

Amount of time that this process’s waited-for children have been
scheduled in user mode, measured in clock ticks (divide by
sysconf(_SC_CLK_TCK). (See also times(2).) This includes guest time,
cguest_time (time spent running a virtual CPU, see below).

cstime %ld

Amount of time that this process’s waited-for children have been
scheduled in kernel mode, measured in clock ticks (divide by
sysconf(_SC_CLK_TCK).

See proc(5) manpage for details.

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