Java Increment / Decrement Operators – How they behave, what’s the functionality?

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These are called Pre and Post Increment / Decrement Operators.

x++;

is the same as x = x + 1;

x--;

is the same as x = x - 1;

Putting the operator before the variable ++x; means, first increment x by 1, and then use this new value of x

int x = 0; 
int z = ++x; // produce x is 1, z is 1


    int x = 0;
    int z = x++;  // produce x is 1, but z is 0 , 
                  //z gets the value of x and then x is incremented.

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