jQuery Ajax request every 30 seconds

You can put your code in a separate function like this:

function LoadFinance()
{
    $(function() {
        $.getJSON(
        "http://query.yahooapis.com/v1/public/yql?q=select%20*%20from%20yahoo.finance.quotes%20where%20symbol%20in%20(%22%5EFTSE%22)%0A%09%09&format=json&env=http%3A%2F%2Fdatatables.org%2Falltables.env&callback=?",
        function(json){ $('#finance').text(json.query.results.quote.Change);
        // Patching payload into page element ID = "dog" 
        });
    });
}

And then set up a timer calling the function every 30 seconds:

setInterval( LoadFinance, 30000 );