tl;dr

Your date string and your date format is different, you have to change the format string or modify the date string so they match.

Explanation

The Problem

This error arises when Carbon’s createFromFormat function receieves a date string that doesn’t match the passed format string. More precisely this comes from the DateTime::createFromFormat function, because Carbon just calls that:

public static function createFromFormat($format, $time, $tz = null)
{
    if ($tz !== null) {
        $dt = parent::createFromFormat($format, $time, static::safeCreateDateTimeZone($tz));
    } else {
        $dt = parent::createFromFormat($format, $time); // Where the error happens.
    }

    if ($dt instanceof DateTime) {
        return static::instance($dt);
    }

    $errors = static::getLastErrors();
    throw new InvalidArgumentException(implode(PHP_EOL, $errors['errors'])); // Where the exception was thrown.
}

Not enough data

If your date string is “shorter” than the format string like in this case:

Carbon::createFromFormat('Y-m-d H:i:s', '2017-01-04 00:52');

Carbon will throw:

InvalidArgumentException in Carbon.php line 425:
Data missing

Too much data

If your date string is “longer” than the format string like in this case:

 Carbon::createFromFormat('Y-m-d H:i', '2017-01-02 00:27:00');

Carbon will throw:

InvalidArgumentException in Carbon.php line 425:
Trailing data

Under the hood

According to the documentation on mutators the default date format is: 'Y-m-d H:i:s'. The date processing happens in the Model’s asDateTime function. In the last condition the getDateFormat function is called, thats where the custom format comes from. The default format is defined in the Database’s Grammar class.

Solution

You have to make sure that the date string matches the format string.

Change the format string

You can override the default format string like this:

class Event extends Model {
    protected $dateFormat="Y-m-d H:i";
}

There is two problem with this approach:

• This will apply to every field defined in the model’s $dates array.
• You have to store the data in this format in the database.

Edit and format the date strings

My recommended solution is that the date format should stay the default 'Y-m-d H:i:s' and you should complete the missing parts of the date, like this:

public function store(Request $request) {
    $requestData = $request->all();
    $requestData['start_time'] .= ':00';
    $requestData['end_time'] .= ':00';
    $event = new Event($requestData);
    $event->save();
}

And when you want to use the date you should format it:

public function show(Request request, $eventId) {
    $event = Event::findOrFail($eventId);
    $startTime = $event->start_time->format('Y-m-d H:i');
    $endTime = $event->end_time->format('Y-m-d H:i');
}

Of course the fields should be mutated to dates:

class Event extends Model {
    protected $dates = [
        'start_time',
        'end_time',
        'created_at',
        'updated_at',
        'deleted_at',
    ];
}