LazyInitializationException in selectManyCheckbox on @ManyToMany(fetch=LAZY)

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You need to fetch it while inside a transaction (thus, inside the service method), and not while outside a transaction (thus, inside e.g. JSF managed bean init/action method), that would thus throw a LazyInitializationException.

So, your attempt

hardware.getConnectivities().size();

has to take place inside a transaction. Create if necessary a new service method for the purpose whereby you pass the entity which was obtained before in another transaction.

hardwareService.fetchConnectivities(hardware);

public void fetchConnectivities(Hardware hardware) {
    hardware.setConnectivities(em.merge(hardware).getConnectivities()); // Becomes managed.
    hardware.getConnectivities().size(); // Triggers lazy initialization.
}

An alternative would be to create a DTO for the purpose which has it eagerly fetched.

And then to save the selected items, make sure that you explicitly specify the selection component’s collectionType attribute to a standard Java type rather than letting it autodiscover a JPA impl specific lazy loaded type such as org.hibernate.collection.internal.PersistentSet in your specific case. JSF needs it in order to instantiate the collection before filling it with the selected items.

<p:selectManyCheckbox ... collectionType="java.util.LinkedHashSet">

See also org.hibernate.LazyInitializationException at com.sun.faces.renderkit.html_basic.MenuRenderer.convertSelectManyValuesForModel.

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