Since 2009, dplyr has been released which actually provides a very nice way to do this kind of grouping, closely resembling what SAS does.
library(dplyr)
d <- data.frame(state=rep(c('NY', 'CA'), c(10, 10)),
year=rep(1:10, 2),
response=c(rnorm(10), rnorm(10)))
fitted_models = d %>% group_by(state) %>% do(model = lm(response ~ year, data = .))
# Source: local data frame [2 x 2]
# Groups: <by row>
#
# state model
# (fctr) (chr)
# 1 CA <S3:lm>
# 2 NY <S3:lm>
fitted_models$model
# [[1]]
#
# Call:
# lm(formula = response ~ year, data = .)
#
# Coefficients:
# (Intercept) year
# -0.06354 0.02677
#
#
# [[2]]
#
# Call:
# lm(formula = response ~ year, data = .)
#
# Coefficients:
# (Intercept) year
# -0.35136 0.09385
To retrieve the coefficients and Rsquared/p.value, one can use the broom package. This package provides:
three S3 generics: tidy, which summarizes a model’s
statistical findings such as coefficients of a regression;
augment, which adds columns to the original data such as
predictions, residuals and cluster assignments; and glance, which
provides a one-row summary of model-level statistics.
library(broom)
fitted_models %>% tidy(model)
# Source: local data frame [4 x 6]
# Groups: state [2]
#
# state term estimate std.error statistic p.value
# (fctr) (chr) (dbl) (dbl) (dbl) (dbl)
# 1 CA (Intercept) -0.06354035 0.83863054 -0.0757668 0.9414651
# 2 CA year 0.02677048 0.13515755 0.1980687 0.8479318
# 3 NY (Intercept) -0.35135766 0.60100314 -0.5846187 0.5749166
# 4 NY year 0.09385309 0.09686043 0.9689519 0.3609470
fitted_models %>% glance(model)
# Source: local data frame [2 x 12]
# Groups: state [2]
#
# state r.squared adj.r.squared sigma statistic p.value df
# (fctr) (dbl) (dbl) (dbl) (dbl) (dbl) (int)
# 1 CA 0.004879969 -0.119510035 1.2276294 0.0392312 0.8479318 2
# 2 NY 0.105032068 -0.006838924 0.8797785 0.9388678 0.3609470 2
# Variables not shown: logLik (dbl), AIC (dbl), BIC (dbl), deviance (dbl),
# df.residual (int)
fitted_models %>% augment(model)
# Source: local data frame [20 x 10]
# Groups: state [2]
#
# state response year .fitted .se.fit .resid .hat
# (fctr) (dbl) (int) (dbl) (dbl) (dbl) (dbl)
# 1 CA 0.4547765 1 -0.036769875 0.7215439 0.4915464 0.3454545
# 2 CA 0.1217003 2 -0.009999399 0.6119518 0.1316997 0.2484848
# 3 CA -0.6153836 3 0.016771076 0.5146646 -0.6321546 0.1757576
# 4 CA -0.9978060 4 0.043541551 0.4379605 -1.0413476 0.1272727
# 5 CA 2.1385614 5 0.070312027 0.3940486 2.0682494 0.1030303
# 6 CA -0.3924598 6 0.097082502 0.3940486 -0.4895423 0.1030303
# 7 CA -0.5918738 7 0.123852977 0.4379605 -0.7157268 0.1272727
# 8 CA 0.4671346 8 0.150623453 0.5146646 0.3165112 0.1757576
# 9 CA -1.4958726 9 0.177393928 0.6119518 -1.6732666 0.2484848
# 10 CA 1.7481956 10 0.204164404 0.7215439 1.5440312 0.3454545
# 11 NY -0.6285230 1 -0.257504572 0.5170932 -0.3710185 0.3454545
# 12 NY 1.0566099 2 -0.163651479 0.4385542 1.2202614 0.2484848
# 13 NY -0.5274693 3 -0.069798386 0.3688335 -0.4576709 0.1757576
# 14 NY 0.6097983 4 0.024054706 0.3138637 0.5857436 0.1272727
# 15 NY -1.5511940 5 0.117907799 0.2823942 -1.6691018 0.1030303
# 16 NY 0.7440243 6 0.211760892 0.2823942 0.5322634 0.1030303
# 17 NY 0.1054719 7 0.305613984 0.3138637 -0.2001421 0.1272727
# 18 NY 0.7513057 8 0.399467077 0.3688335 0.3518387 0.1757576
# 19 NY -0.1271655 9 0.493320170 0.4385542 -0.6204857 0.2484848
# 20 NY 1.2154852 10 0.587173262 0.5170932 0.6283119 0.3454545
# Variables not shown: .sigma (dbl), .cooksd (dbl), .std.resid (dbl)