Please explain the output from Thread run() and start() methods

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The Thread.start() method starts a new thread, the entry point for this thread is the run() method. If you call run() directly it will execute in the same thread. Given that calling Thread.start() will start a new thread of execution, the run() method may be called after (as in you example) the rest of the main method executes.

Change your main method to call th1.start() and run repeatedly, you will see that sometimes it outputs:

EXTENDS RUN>>
RUNNABLE RUN >>

and sometimes it outputs:

RUNNABLE RUN >>
EXTENDS RUN>>

depending on how java chooses to schedule your 2 threads.

Check out the java tutorial on this.

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