R-Project no applicable method for ‘meta’ applied to an object of class “character”

The latest version of tm (0.60) made it so you can’t use functions with tm_map that operate on simple character values any more. So the problem is your tolower step since that isn’t a “canonical” transformation (See getTransformations()). Just replace it with

corpus <- tm_map(corpus, content_transformer(tolower))

The content_transformer function wrapper will convert everything to the correct data type within the corpus. You can use content_transformer with any function that is intended to manipulate character vectors so that it will work in a tm_map pipeline.

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