Setting Logback Appender path programmatically

Once you programmatically configure your appender, you need invoke its start() method. If the appender has sub-components, invoke start() on the sub-components first. You then add the appender to the logger of your choice.

Here is an example:

import ch.qos.logback.classic.Logger;
import ch.qos.logback.classic.encoder.PatternLayoutEncoder;
import ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.FixedWindowRollingPolicy;
import ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.RollingFileAppender;
import ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.SizeBasedTriggeringPolicy;
import ch.qos.logback.core.util.StatusPrinter;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import ch.qos.logback.classic.LoggerContext;

public class Main {
  public static void main(String[] args) {
    LoggerContext loggerContext = (LoggerContext) LoggerFactory.getILoggerFactory();

    RollingFileAppender rfAppender = new RollingFileAppender();
    rfAppender.setContext(loggerContext);
    rfAppender.setFile("testFile.log");
    FixedWindowRollingPolicy rollingPolicy = new FixedWindowRollingPolicy();
    rollingPolicy.setContext(loggerContext);
    // rolling policies need to know their parent
    // it's one of the rare cases, where a sub-component knows about its parent
    rollingPolicy.setParent(rfAppender);
    rollingPolicy.setFileNamePattern("testFile.%i.log.zip");
    rollingPolicy.start();

    SizeBasedTriggeringPolicy triggeringPolicy = new ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.SizeBasedTriggeringPolicy();
    triggeringPolicy.setMaxFileSize("5MB");
    triggeringPolicy.start();

    PatternLayoutEncoder encoder = new PatternLayoutEncoder();
    encoder.setContext(loggerContext);
    encoder.setPattern("%-4relative [%thread] %-5level %logger{35} - %msg%n");
    encoder.start();

    rfAppender.setEncoder(encoder);
    rfAppender.setRollingPolicy(rollingPolicy);
    rfAppender.setTriggeringPolicy(triggeringPolicy);

    rfAppender.start();

    // attach the rolling file appender to the logger of your choice
    Logger logbackLogger = loggerContext.getLogger("Main");
    logbackLogger.addAppender(rfAppender);

    // OPTIONAL: print logback internal status messages
    StatusPrinter.print(loggerContext);

    // log something
    logbackLogger.debug("hello");
  }
}

The above code is the programmatic expression of the steps taken by the logback’s XML configurator, i.e. Joran, when it parses the RollingFixedWindow.xml file.