Since marshmallow update Bluetooth discovery using BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter().startDiscovery(); is broken

by

Bluetooth Adapter has been change in Android 6.0

You need to set the permission ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION or ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION permission and need to use
BluetoothLeScanner.startScan() method to start the scan.

Below is the description from change logs:

To provide users with greater data protection, in Android 6.0, Android removes programmatic access to the device’s local hardware identifier for apps using the Wi-Fi and Bluetooth APIs. The WifiInfo.getMacAddress() and the BluetoothAdapter.getAddress() methods now return a constant value of 02:00:00:00:00:00.

To access the hardware identifiers of nearby external devices via Bluetooth and Wi-Fi scans, your app must now have the ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION or ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION permissions:

WifiManager.getScanResults()
BluetoothDevice.ACTION_FOUND
BluetoothLeScanner.startScan()

Note: When a device running Android 6.0 (API level 23) initiates a background Wi-Fi or Bluetooth scan, the operation is visible to external devices as originating from a randomized MAC address.

You can get more details from this link :
http://developer.android.com/about/versions/marshmallow/android-6.0-changes.html

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