Your options:
Email-to-SMS Gateway
Pros
- Free
Cons
- Delivery not as reliable as native
- Non-standard message formatting between carriers
- Subject to stricter ‘spam’ guards that can catch non-spam messages
- You have to know what carrier your user is using, and they have to notify you if it changes
SMS Gateway
Pros
- More reliable
- Consistent formatting
- Easily handle replies
- Virtually indistinguishable to a carrier from text messages sent from a human
- Most offer a simple API
Cons
- Costs money. This won’t change until the carriers stop charging for them on both ends, which I wouldn’t hold your breath for since it’s such a huge profit center for them.
Do-it-yourself
Pros
- You get to learn how GSM modems and AT commands work making you a 1337 hax0r.
Cons
- Complicated
- Still have to pay carriers per message
- Doesn’t scale.
I happen to work for a gateway (Twilio) so I deal with this question a lot. We frequently have customers that started down the email route and gave up due to the hassles associated with that method. You can get away with email-to-SMS for small volume, non-important messages. If you’re serious about it, sign up for a gateway. There are a lot of them out there.