They are access modifiers and help us implement Encapsulation (or information hiding). They tell the compiler which other classes should have access to the field or method being defined. private – Only the current class will have access to the field or method. protected – Only the current class and subclasses (and sometimes also same-package … Read more
Non programming example: Synchronous You want a pizza for dinner and you are out of the frozen kind. So you have to stop playing WOW which upsets your guild. You go to the kitchen, make the dough, cover it with sauce, add the cheese, and smother it your favorite bacon topping. You just spent 20 … Read more
Depending on where you look, you’ll get slightly different answers. I’ve read about the subject a lot, and here’s my distillation; again, these are slightly wooly and others may disagree. Unit Tests Tests the smallest unit of functionality, typically a method/function (e.g. given a class with a particular state, calling x method on the class … Read more
My understanding is that C++ allows static const members to be defined inside a class so long as it’s an integer type. You are sort of correct. You are allowed to initialize static const integrals in the class declaration but that is not a definition. Interestingly, if I comment out the call to std::min, the … Read more
Currying is converting a single function of n arguments into n functions with a single argument each. Given the following function: function f(x,y,z) { z(x(y));} When curried, becomes: function f(x) { lambda(y) { lambda(z) { z(x(y)); } } } In order to get the full application of f(x,y,z), you need to do this: f(x)(y)(z); Many … Read more
This is really late, but here’s how you can find where a method is defined: http://gist.github.com/76951 # How to find out where a method comes from. # Learned this from Dave Thomas while teaching Advanced Ruby Studio # Makes the case for separating method definitions into # modules, especially when enhancing built-in classes. module Perpetrator … Read more
I’ll try to give an explanation in simple terms. As others have pointed out, head normal form does not apply to Haskell, so I will not consider it here. Normal form An expression in normal form is fully evaluated, and no sub-expression could be evaluated any further (i.e. it contains no un-evaluated thunks). These expressions … Read more
You can get some information : From Martin Fowler about Mock and Stub Fake objects actually have working implementations, but usually take some shortcut which makes them not suitable for production Stubs provide canned answers to calls made during the test, usually not responding at all to anything outside what’s programmed in for the test. … Read more
Unfortunately, there are a lot of misinformation and misconceptions around REST. Not only your question and the answer by @cmd reflect those, but most of the questions and answers related to the subject on Stack Overflow. SOAP and REST can’t be compared directly, since the first is a protocol (or at least tries to be) … Read more
The truth is in the standard (3.2 One definition rule) : No translation unit shall contain more than one definition of any variable, function, class type, enumeration type or template. […] Every program shall contain exactly one definition of every non-inline function or object that is used in that program; no diagnostic required. The definition … Read more