You have circular dependent imports. physics.py is imported from entity before class Ent is defined and physics tries to import entity that is already initializing. Remove the dependency to physics from entity module.
List all python (.py) files in the current folder and put them as __all__ variable in __init__.py from os.path import dirname, basename, isfile, join import glob modules = glob.glob(join(dirname(__file__), “*.py”)) __all__ = [ basename(f)[:-3] for f in modules if isfile(f) and not f.endswith(‘__init__.py’)]
Globals in Python are global to a module, not across all modules. (Many people are confused by this, because in, say, C, a global is the same across all implementation files unless you explicitly make it static.) There are different ways to solve this, depending on your actual use case. Before even going down this … Read more
Python 2 Make an empty file called __init__.py in the same directory as the files. That will signify to Python that it’s “ok to import from this directory”. Then just do… from user import User from dir import Dir The same holds true if the files are in a subdirectory – put an __init__.py in … Read more
Tired of sys.path hacks? There are plenty of sys.path.append -hacks available, but I found an alternative way of solving the problem in hand. Summary Wrap the code into one folder (e.g. packaged_stuff) Create setup.py script where you use setuptools.setup(). (see minimal setup.py below) Pip install the package in editable state with pip install -e <myproject_folder> … Read more
To elaborate on Ignacio Vazquez-Abrams’s answer: The Python import mechanism works relative to the __name__ of the current file. When you execute a file directly, it doesn’t have its usual name, but has “__main__” as its name instead. So relative imports don’t work. You can, as Igancio suggested, execute it using the -m option. If … Read more
Assuming that both your directories are real Python packages (do have the __init__.py file inside them), here is a safe solution for inclusion of modules relatively to the location of the script. I assume that you want to do this, because you need to include a set of modules with your script. I use this … Read more
You could use relative imports (python >= 2.5): from … import nib (What’s New in Python 2.5) PEP 328: Absolute and Relative Imports EDIT: added another dot ‘.’ to go up two packages
There are many ways to import a python file, all with their pros and cons. Don’t just hastily pick the first import strategy that works for you or else you’ll have to rewrite the codebase later on when you find it doesn’t meet your needs. I’ll start out explaining the easiest example #1, then I’ll … Read more
The difference between import module and from module import foo is mainly subjective. Pick the one you like best and be consistent in your use of it. Here are some points to help you decide. import module Pros: Less maintenance of your import statements. Don’t need to add any additional imports to start using another … Read more