This answer showed up at the top of my google search results but wasn’t correct. The confusion is probably due to different versions of MySQL being tested. Version 4 counts bytes Version 5 counts characters Here is the quote from the official MySQL 5 documentation: MySQL interprets length specifications in character column definitions in character … Read more
It is not the operator that is case sensitive, it is the column itself. When a SQL Server installation is performed a default collation is chosen to the instance. Unless explicitly mentioned otherwise (check the collate clause bellow) when a new database is created it inherits the collation from the instance and when a new … Read more
Let us assume the database character set is UTF-8, which is the recommended setting in recent versions of Oracle. In this case, some characters take more than 1 byte to store in the database. If you define the field as VARCHAR2(11 BYTE), Oracle can use up to 11 bytes for storage, but you may not … Read more
TL;DR TEXT fixed max size of 65535 characters (you cannot limit the max size) takes 2 + c bytes of disk space, where c is the length of the stored string. cannot be (fully) part of an index. One would need to specify a prefix length. VARCHAR(M) variable max size of M characters M needs … Read more
Permanent solution for this case To avoid the problem altogether use the data type text or varchar / character varying without a length specifier instead of character varying(n). Read about these data types in the manual. CREATE TABLE monkey(name text NOT NULL); If you really want to enforce a maximum length, create a CHECK constraint: … Read more
The max length of a varchar is subject to the max row size in MySQL, which is 64KB (not counting BLOBs): VARCHAR(65535) However, note that the limit is lower if you use a multi-byte character set: VARCHAR(21844) CHARACTER SET utf8 Here are some examples: The maximum row size is 65535, but a varchar also includes … Read more
The VARCHAR(MAX) type is a replacement for TEXT. The basic difference is that a TEXT type will always store the data in a blob whereas the VARCHAR(MAX) type will attempt to store the data directly in the row unless it exceeds the 8k limitation and at that point it stores it in a blob. Using … Read more
SELECT CONVERT(Datetime, ‘2011-09-28 18:01:00’, 120) — to convert it to Datetime SELECT CONVERT( VARCHAR(30), @date ,105) — italian format [28-09-2011 18:01:00] + ‘ ‘ + SELECT CONVERT( VARCHAR(30), @date ,108 ) — full date [with time/minutes/sec]
By using VARCHAR(MAX) you are basically telling SQL Server “store the values in this field how you see best”, SQL Server will then choose whether to store values as a regular VARCHAR or as a LOB (Large object). In general if the values stored are less than 8,000 bytes SQL Server will treat values as … Read more
TEXT is used for large pieces of string data. If the length of the field exceeed a certain threshold, the text is stored out of row. VARCHAR is always stored in row and has a limit of 8000 characters. If you try to create a VARCHAR(x), where x > 8000, you get an error: Server: … Read more