Using JInternalFrame and some button

I don’t know a way to put a JButton directly on a JDesktopPane, but you can use menu items to create and select a JInternalFrame. In this example, each menu item uses an Action defined in the JInternalFrame to select the corresponding frame.

class MyFrame extends JInternalFrame {

    private Action action;

    MyFrame(JDesktopPane desktop, String name, int offset) {
        …
        action = new AbstractAction(name) {
            @Override
            public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent ae) {
                try {
                    MyFrame.this.setSelected(true);
                } catch (PropertyVetoException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        };
    }

    public Action getAction() { return action; }
}

Addendum: as @camickr suggests, it is technically possible to put a JButton directly on a JDesktopPane, but it might prove difficult to use in practice.

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