MAVEN_HOME
is for Maven 1, M2_HOME
is for Maven 2 and later.
Maven 2 was a complete rewrite from Maven 1 and was not backwards compatible. Having the two different _HOME
variables means it is possible to run both on the same machine.
UPDATE
As of maven 3.5.0 neither of these environment variables should be specified. Instead, the path should be updated to include the mvn executable.