Which is more efficient: Multiple MySQL tables or one large table?

Multiple tables help in the following ways / cases:

(a) if different people are going to be developing applications involving different tables, it makes sense to split them.

(b) If you want to give different kind of authorities to different people for different part of the data collection, it may be more convenient to split them. (Of course, you can look at defining views and giving authorization on them appropriately).

(c) For moving data to different places, especially during development, it may make sense to use tables resulting in smaller file sizes.

(d) Smaller foot print may give comfort while you develop applications on specific data collection of a single entity.

(e) It is a possibility: what you thought as a single value data may turn out to be really multiple values in future. e.g. credit limit is a single value field as of now. But tomorrow, you may decide to change the values as (date from, date to, credit value). Split tables might come handy now.

My vote would be for multiple tables – with data appropriately split.

Good luck.

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