Why does 1+++2 = 3?

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Your expression is the same as:

1+(+(+2))

Any numeric expression can be preceded by - to make it negative, or + to do nothing (the option is present for symmetry). With negative signs:

1-(-(2)) = 1-(-2)
         = 1+2
         = 3

and

1-(-(-2)) = 1-(2)
          = -1

I see you clarified your question to say that you come from a C background. In Python, there are no increment operators like ++ and -- in C, which was probably the source of your confusion. To increment or decrement a variable i or j in Python use this style:

i += 1
j -= 1

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