About Android image and asset sizes

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mdpi is the reference density — that is, 1 px on an mdpi display is equal to 1 dip. The ratio for asset scaling is:

ldpi | mdpi | tvdpi | hdpi | xhdpi | xxhdpi | xxxhdpi
0.75 | 1    | 1.33  | 1.5  | 2     | 3      | 4

Although you don’t really need to worry about tvdpi unless you’re developing specifically for Google TV or the original Nexus 7 — but even Google recommends simply using hdpi assets.

What this means is if you’re doing a 48dip image and plan to support up to xxhdpi resolution, you should start with a 144px image (192px if you want native assets for xxxhdpi) and make the following images for the densities:

ldpi    | mdpi    | tvdpi    | hdpi    | xhdpi     | xxhdpi    | xxxhdpi
36 x 36 | 48 x 48 | 64 x 64  | 72 x 72 | 96 x 96   | 144 x 144 | 192 x 192

And these should display at roughly the same size on any device, provided you’ve placed these in density-specific folders (e.g. drawable-xhdpi, drawable-hdpi, etc.)

For reference, the pixel densities for these are:

ldpi  | mdpi  | tvdpi  | hdpi  | xhdpi  | xxhdpi  | xxxhdpi
120   | 160   | 213    | 240   | 320    | 480     | 640

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