about drawing a Polygon in java

JFrame does not have a paintComponent(Graphics g) method. Add the @Override annotation and you will get a compile time error.

1) Use JPanel and override paintComponent (you would than add JPanel to the JFrame viad JFrame#add(..))

2) Override getPreferredSize() to return correct Dimensions which fit your drawing on Graphics object or else they wont be seen as JPanel size without components is 0,0

3) dont call setSize on JFrame… rather use a correct LayoutManager and/or override getPrefferedSize() and call pack() on JFrame after adding all components but before setting it visible

4) Have a read on Concurrency in Swing specifically about Event Dispatch Thread

5) watch class naming scheme should begin with a capital letter and every first letter of a new word thereafter should be capitalized

6) Also you extend JFrame and have a variable JFrame? Take away the extend JFrame and keep the JFrame variable as we dont want 2 JFrames and its not good practice to extend JFrame unless adding functionality

Here is your code with above fixes (excuse picture quality but had to resize or it was going to 800×600):

import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Dimension;
import java.awt.Graphics;
import java.awt.Polygon;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JPanel;
import javax.swing.SwingUtilities;

public class JRisk {

    private JFrame mainMap;
    private Polygon poly;

    public JRisk() {

        initComponents();

    }

    private void initComponents() {

        mainMap = new JFrame();
        mainMap.setResizable(false);

        mainMap.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.DISPOSE_ON_CLOSE);

        int xPoly[] = {150, 250, 325, 375, 450, 275, 100};
        int yPoly[] = {150, 100, 125, 225, 250, 375, 300};

        poly = new Polygon(xPoly, yPoly, xPoly.length);
        JPanel p = new JPanel() {
            @Override
            protected void paintComponent(Graphics g) {
                super.paintComponent(g);
                g.setColor(Color.BLUE);
                g.drawPolygon(poly);
            }

            @Override
            public Dimension getPreferredSize() {
                return new Dimension(800, 600);
            }
        };
        mainMap.add(p);
        mainMap.pack();
        mainMap.setVisible(true);

    }

    /**
     * @param args
     */
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SwingUtilities.invokeLater(new Runnable() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                new JRisk();
            }
        });
    }
}

As per your comment:

i am preparing a map which includes lots of polygons and yesterday i
used a JPanel over a JFrame and i tried to check if mouse was inside
of the polygon with MouseListener. later i saw that mouseListener gave
false responds (like mouse is not inside of the polygon but it acts
like it was inside the polygon). so i deleted the JPanel and then it
worked

Here is updated code with MouseAdapter and overridden mouseClicked to check if click was within polygon.

import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Dimension;
import java.awt.Graphics;
import java.awt.Polygon;
import java.awt.event.MouseAdapter;
import java.awt.event.MouseEvent;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JPanel;
import javax.swing.SwingUtilities;

public class JRisk {

    private JFrame mainMap;
    private Polygon poly;

    public JRisk() {
        initComponents();
    }

    private void initComponents() {

        mainMap = new JFrame();
        mainMap.setResizable(false);

        mainMap.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.DISPOSE_ON_CLOSE);

        int xPoly[] = {150, 250, 325, 375, 450, 275, 100};
        int yPoly[] = {150, 100, 125, 225, 250, 375, 300};

        poly = new Polygon(xPoly, yPoly, xPoly.length);

        JPanel p = new JPanel() {
            @Override
            protected void paintComponent(Graphics g) {
                super.paintComponent(g);
                g.setColor(Color.BLUE);
                g.drawPolygon(poly);
            }

            @Override
            public Dimension getPreferredSize() {
                return new Dimension(800, 600);
            }
        };

        MouseAdapter ma = new MouseAdapter() {
            @Override
            public void mouseClicked(MouseEvent me) {
                super.mouseClicked(me);

                if (poly.contains(me.getPoint())) {
                    System.out.println("Clicked polygon");
                }

            }
        };
        p.addMouseListener(ma);//add listener to panel
        mainMap.add(p);

        mainMap.pack();
        mainMap.setVisible(true);

    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SwingUtilities.invokeLater(new Runnable() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                new JRisk();
            }
        });
    }
}