We call them references. They work like this
i = 5 # create int(5) instance, bind it to i
j = i # bind j to the same int as i
j = 3 # create int(3) instance, bind it to j
print i # i still bound to the int(5), j bound to the int(3)
Small ints are interned, but that isn’t important to this explanation
i = [1,2,3] # create the list instance, and bind it to i
j = i # bind j to the same list as i
i[0] = 5 # change the first item of i
print j # j is still bound to the same list as i