Bar Chart: How to choose color if value is positive vs value is negative

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I would create a dummy column for whether the observation is larger than 0.

In [39]: data['positive'] = data['values'] > 0

In [40]: data
Out[40]: 
   values positive
a   -15.0    False
b    10.0     True
c     8.0     True
d    -4.5    False

[4 rows x 2 columns]

In [41]: data['values'].plot(kind='barh',
                             color=data.positive.map({True: 'g', False: 'r'}))

bar plot with positives green and negatives red

Also, you may want to be careful not to have column names that overlap with DataFrame attributes. DataFrame.values give the underlying numpy array for a DataFrame. Having overlapping names prevents you from using the df.<column name> syntax.

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