Can Java 8 code be compiled to run on Java 7 JVM?

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No, using 1.8 features in your source code requires you to target a 1.8 VM. I just tried the new Java 8 release and tried compiling with -target 1.7 -source 1.8, and the compiler refuses:

$ javac Test -source 1.8 -target 1.7
javac: source release 1.8 requires target release 1.8

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