Pandas 0.15 introduced Categorical Series, which allows a much clearer way to do this:
First make the month column a categorical and specify the ordering to use.
In [21]: df['m'] = pd.Categorical(df['m'], ["March", "April", "Dec"])
In [22]: df # looks the same!
Out[22]:
a b m
0 1 2 March
1 5 6 Dec
2 3 4 April
Now, when you sort the month column it will sort with respect to that list:
In [23]: df.sort_values("m")
Out[23]:
a b m
0 1 2 March
2 3 4 April
1 5 6 Dec
Note: if a value is not in the list it will be converted to NaN.
An older answer for those interested…
You could create an intermediary series, and set_index
on that:
df = pd.DataFrame([[1, 2, 'March'],[5, 6, 'Dec'],[3, 4, 'April']], columns=['a','b','m'])
s = df['m'].apply(lambda x: {'March':0, 'April':1, 'Dec':3}[x])
s.sort_values()
In [4]: df.set_index(s.index).sort()
Out[4]:
a b m
0 1 2 March
1 3 4 April
2 5 6 Dec
As commented, in newer pandas, Series has a replace
method to do this more elegantly:
s = df['m'].replace({'March':0, 'April':1, 'Dec':3})
The slight difference is that this won’t raise if there is a value outside of the dictionary (it’ll just stay the same).