Some OS-specific interfaces:
- Mac OS X:
_NSGetExecutablePath()
(man 3 dyld) - Linux:
readlink /proc/self/exe
- Solaris:
getexecname()
- FreeBSD:
sysctl CTL_KERN KERN_PROC KERN_PROC_PATHNAME -1
- FreeBSD if it has procfs:
readlink /proc/curproc/file
(FreeBSD doesn’t have procfs by default) - NetBSD:
readlink /proc/curproc/exe
- DragonFly BSD:
readlink /proc/curproc/file
- Windows:
GetModuleFileName()
withhModule
=NULL
There are also third party libraries that can be used to get this information, such as whereami as mentioned in prideout’s answer, or if you are using Qt, QCoreApplication::applicationFilePath() as mentioned in the comments.
The portable (but less reliable) method is to use argv[0]
. Although it could be set to anything by the calling program, by convention it is set to either a path name of the executable or a name that was found using $PATH
.
Some shells, including bash and ksh, set the environment variable “_
“ to the full path of the executable before it is executed. In that case you can use getenv("_")
to get it. However this is unreliable because not all shells do this, and it could be set to anything or be left over from a parent process which did not change it before executing your program.