How are extremely large floating-point numbers represented in memory?

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Current computers have 32 or 64-bit registers, so doing calculations on bytes is very inefficient. Also, computers work in binary, so using a base that is a power of 2 is more efficient. They’ll use base 232 or 264 like Mysticial said. Each computer word will store a digit of the number and they work digit-by-digit.

In some cases you don’t need much calculations but most of the time you’re inputting and outputting decimal characters instead. This case using a base that is a power or 10 is more efficient. You can use base 109 in 32-bit computers and 1019 in 64-bit ones because that’s the largest power of 10 you can store in a 32 or 64-bit value

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