How can it be useful to overload the “function call” operator?

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This can be used to create “functors”, objects that act like functions:

class Multiplier {
public:
    Multiplier(int m): multiplier(m) {}
    int operator()(int x) { return multiplier * x; }
private:
    int multiplier;
};

Multiplier m(5);
cout << m(4) << endl;

The above prints 20. The Wikipedia article linked above gives more substantial examples.

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