In this case, use FilenameUtils.getExtension from Apache Commons IO
Here is an example of how to use it (you may specify either full path or just file name):
import org.apache.commons.io.FilenameUtils;
// ...
String ext1 = FilenameUtils.getExtension("/path/to/file/foo.txt"); // returns "txt"
String ext2 = FilenameUtils.getExtension("bar.exe"); // returns "exe"
Maven dependency:
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-io</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-io</artifactId>
<version>2.6</version>
</dependency>
Gradle Groovy DSL
implementation 'commons-io:commons-io:2.6'
Gradle Kotlin DSL
implementation("commons-io:commons-io:2.6")
Others https://search.maven.org/artifact/commons-io/commons-io/2.6/jar