How to check if a row exist in the database using PDO?

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You can just check the return value directly.

$stmt = $conn->prepare('SELECT * FROM table WHERE ID=?');
$stmt->bindParam(1, $_GET['id'], PDO::PARAM_INT);
$stmt->execute();
$row = $stmt->fetch(PDO::FETCH_ASSOC);

if( ! $row)
{
    echo 'nothing found';
}

/*
$rows = $stmt->fetchAll(PDO::FETCH_ASSOC); // Same here
if( ! $rows)
{
    echo 'nothing found';
}
*/

If you are asking about checking without fetching then simply have MySQL return a 1 (or use the COUNT() command).

$sql="SELECT 1 from table WHERE id = ? LIMIT 1";
//$sql="SELECT COUNT(*) from table WHERE param = ?"; // for checking >1 records
$stmt = $conn->prepare($sql);
$stmt->bindParam(1, $_GET['id'], PDO::PARAM_INT);
$stmt->execute();

if($stmt->fetchColumn()) echo 'found';

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