how to return number of decimal places in R

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You could write a small function for the task with ease, e.g.:

decimalplaces <- function(x) {
    if ((x %% 1) != 0) {
        nchar(strsplit(sub('0+$', '', as.character(x)), ".", fixed=TRUE)[[1]][[2]])
    } else {
        return(0)
    }
}

And run:

> decimalplaces(23.43234525)
[1] 8
> decimalplaces(334.3410000000000000)
[1] 3
> decimalplaces(2.000)
[1] 0

Update (Apr 3, 2018) to address @owen88’s report on error due to rounding double precision floating point numbers — replacing the x %% 1 check:

decimalplaces <- function(x) {
    if (abs(x - round(x)) > .Machine$double.eps^0.5) {
        nchar(strsplit(sub('0+$', '', as.character(x)), ".", fixed = TRUE)[[1]][[2]])
    } else {
        return(0)
    }
}

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