Locating child nodes of WebElements in selenium

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According to JavaDocs, you can do this:

WebElement input = divA.findElement(By.xpath(".//input"));

How can I ask in xpath for “the div-tag that contains a span with the
text ‘hello world'”?

WebElement elem = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//div[span[text()='hello world']]"));

The XPath spec is a suprisingly good read on this.

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