You can use dynamic SQL and get all the column names for a table. Then build up the script:
Declare @sql varchar(max) = ''
declare @tablename as varchar(255) = 'test'
select @sql = @sql + 'select [' + c.name + '],count(*) as ''' + c.name + ''' from [' + t.name + '] group by [' + c.name + '] order by 2 desc; '
from sys.columns c
inner join sys.tables t on c.object_id = t.object_id
where t.name = @tablename
EXEC (@sql)
Change @tablename
to the name of your table (without the database or schema name).