Order of member constructor and destructor calls

by

In other words, are members guaranteed to be initialized by order of declaration and destroyed in reverse order?

Yes to both. See 12.6.2

6 Initialization shall proceed in the
following order:

  • First, and only for
    the constructor of the most derived
    class as described below, virtual base
    classes shall be initialized in the
    order they appear on a depth-first
    left-to-right traversal of the
    directed acyclic graph of base
    classes, where “left-to-right” is the
    order of appearance of the base class
    names in the derived class
    base-specifier-list.

  • Then, direct
    base classes shall be initialized in
    declaration order as they appear in
    the base-specifier-list (regardless of
    the order of the mem-initializers).

  • Then, non-static data members shall be
    initialized in the order they were
    declared in the class definition
    (again regardless of the order of the
    mem-initializers).

  • Finally, the
    compound-statement of the constructor
    body is executed. [ Note: the
    declaration order is mandated to
    ensure that base and member subobjects
    are destroyed in the reverse order of
    initialization. —end note ]

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